summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/usb-and-pxe-installers/usbimg2disk.sh
blob: df3f574fc03edcca587a93e4031fb940b32e37a5 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
#!/bin/bash
# $Id: usbimg2disk.sh,v 1.23 2012/09/03 20:52:31 eha Exp eha $
#
# Copyright 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012  Eric Hameleers, Eindhoven, NL
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use of this script, with or without modification, is
# permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# 1. Redistributions of this script must retain the above copyright
#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
#  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
#  WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
#  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
#  EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
#  SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
#  PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
#  OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
#  WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
#  OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
#  ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

# Paranoid as usual:
set -e

# Define some variables ahead of time, so that cleanup knows about them:
MNTDIR1=""
MNTDIR2=""
MNTDIR3=""

# Clean up in case of failure:
cleanup() {
  # Clean up by unmounting our loopmounts, deleting tempfiles:
  echo "--- Cleaning up the staging area..."
  sync
  [ ! -z "${MNTDIR1}" ] && ( umount -f ${MNTDIR1} ; rmdir $MNTDIR1 )
  [ ! -z "${MNTDIR2}" ] && ( umount -f ${MNTDIR2} ; rmdir $MNTDIR2 )
  [ ! -z "${MNTDIR3}" ] && rm -rf ${MNTDIR3} || true
}
trap 'echo "*** $0 FAILED at line $LINENO ***"; cleanup; exit 1' ERR INT TERM

showhelp() {
  echo "# "
  echo "# Purpose #1: to use the content of Slackware's usbboot.img and"
  echo "#   transform a standard USB thumb drive with a single vfat partition"
  echo "#   into a bootable medium containing the Slackware Linux installer."
  echo "# "
  echo "# Purpose #2: to use the contents of a Slackware directory tree"
  echo "#   and transform a standard USB thumb drive with"
  echo "#   a single vfat partition and 2GB of free space into"
  echo "#   a self-contained USB installation medium for Slackware Linux."
  echo "# "
  echo "# "
  echo "# Your USB thumb drive may contain data!"
  echo "# This data will *not* be overwritten, unless you have"
  echo "#   explicitly chosen to format the drive by using the '-f' parameter."
  echo "# "
  echo "# $(basename $0) accepts the following parameters:"
  echo "#   -h|--help                  This help"
  echo "#   -f|--format                Format the USB drive before use"
  echo "#   -i|--infile <filename>     Full path to the usbboot.img file"
  echo "#   -l|--logfile <filename>    Optional logfile to catch fdisk output"
  echo "#   -o|--outdev <filename>     The device name of your USB drive"
  echo "#   -s|--slackdir <dir>        Use 'dir' as the root of Slackware tree"
  echo "#   -u|--unattended            Do not ask any questions"
  echo "#   -L|--label <labelname>     FAT label when formatting the USB drive"

  echo "# "
  echo "# Examples:"
  echo "# "
  echo "# $(basename $0) -i ~/download/usbboot.img -o /dev/sdX"
  echo "# $(basename $0) -f -s /home/ftp/pub/slackware-13.0 -o /dev/sdX"
  echo "# "
  echo "# The second example shows how to create a fully functional Slackware"
  echo "# installer on a USB stick (it needs a Slackware tree as the source)."
  echo "# "
}

reformat() {
  # Commands to re-create a functional USB stick with VFAT partition:
  # two parameters:
  #  (1) the name of the USB device to be formatted:
  #  (2) FAT label to use when formatting the USB device:
  local TOWIPE="$1"
  local THELABEL="$2"

  # Sanity checks:
  if [ ! -b $TOWIPE ]; then
    echo "*** Not a block device: '$TOWIPE' !"
    exit 1
  fi

  # Wipe the MBR:
  dd if=/dev/zero of=$TOWIPE bs=512 count=1

  # Temporarily accept errors (so that we can examine them):
  set +e

  # create a FAT32 partition (type 'b')
  /sbin/fdisk $TOWIPE <<EOF
n
p
1


t
b
w
EOF

  # Check if fdisk gave an error (like "error closing file").
  # Some desktop environments auto-mount the partition on sight...:
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "*** The fdisk command had an error."
    echo "*** Some desktop environments (KDE, GNOME) may automatically mount"
    echo "*** the new FAT partition on your USB drive, causing the fdisk error."
    if [ $UNATTENDED -eq 0 ]; then
      # if we are running interactively, allow to chicken out now:
      echo "*** Perhaps you want to format the device '$TOWIPE' yourself first?"
      read -p "*** Press ENTER to continue anyway or Ctrl-C to quit now: " JUNK
    fi
  fi

  # Fail on errors again:
  set -e

  if mount | grep -q ${TOWIPE}1 ; then
    echo "--- Un-mounting ${TOWIPE}1 because your desktop auto-mounted it..."
    umount -f ${TOWIPE}1
  fi

  # We set the fat label to '$THELABEL' when formatting.
  # It will enable the installer to mount the fat partition automatically
  # and pre-fill the correct pathname for the "SOURCE" dialog.
  # Format with a vfat filesystem:
  /sbin/mkdosfs -F32 -n ${THELABEL} ${TOWIPE}1
}

makebootable() {
  # Only parameter: the name of the USB device to be set bootable:
  USBDRV="$1"

  # Sanity checks:
  if [ ! -b $USBDRV ]; then
    echo "*** Not a block device: '$USBDRV' !"
    exit 1
  fi

  # Set the bootable flag for the first partition:
  /sbin/sfdisk -A $USBDRV 1
}

# Parse the commandline parameters:
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
  showhelp
  exit 1
fi
while [ ! -z "$1" ]; do
  case $1 in
    -f|--format)
      REFORMAT=1
      shift
      ;;
    -h|--help)
      showhelp
      exit
      ;;
    -i|--infile)
      USBIMG="$(cd $(dirname $2); pwd)/$(basename $2)"
      shift 2
      ;;
    -l|--logfile)
      LOGFILE="$(cd $(dirname $2); pwd)/$(basename $2)"
      shift 2
      ;;
    -o|--outdev)
      TARGET="$2"
      TARGETPART="${TARGET}1"
      shift 2
      ;;
    -s|--slackdir)
      REPODIR="$2"
      FULLINSTALLER="yes"
      shift 2
      ;;
    -u|--unattended)
      UNATTENDED=1
      shift
      ;;
    -L|--label)
      CUSTOMLABEL="$2"
      shift 2
      ;;
    *)
      echo "*** Unknown parameter '$1'!"
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac
done

# Before we start:
[ -x /bin/id ] && CMD_ID="/bin/id" || CMD_ID="/usr/bin/id"
if [ "$($CMD_ID -u)" != "0" ]; then
  echo "*** You need to be root to run $(basename $0)."
  exit 1
fi

# Check existence of the package repository if that was passed as a parameter:
if [ -n "$REPODIR" ]; then
  if [ ! -d "$REPODIR" ]; then
    echo "*** This is not a directory: '$REPODIR' !"
    exit 1
  else
    # This also takes care of stripping a trailing '/', which is required
    # for the rsync command to work as intended:
    REPOSROOT="$(cd $(dirname $REPODIR); pwd)/$(basename $REPODIR)"
  fi
fi

# Check FAT label:
if [ -n "${CUSTOMLABEL}" ]; then
  if [ "x$(echo "${CUSTOMLABEL}"| tr -d '[:alnum:]._-')" != "x" ]; then
    echo "*** FAT label '${CUSTOMLABEL}' is not an acceptible name!"
    exit 1
  elif [ ${#CUSTOMLABEL} -gt 11 ]; then
    echo "*** FAT label '${CUSTOMLABEL}' must be less than 12 characters!"
    exit 1
  else
  FATLABEL="${CUSTOMLABEL}"
  fi
else
  FATLABEL="USBSLACKINS"
fi

# Prepare the environment:
MININSFREE=2200               # minimum in MB required for a Slackware tree
UNATTENDED=${UNATTENDED:-0}   # unattended means: never ask questions.
REFORMAT=${REFORMAT:-0}       # do not try to reformat by default
LOGFILE=${LOGFILE:-/dev/null} # silence by default
EXCLUDES=${EXCLUDES:-"--exclude=source \
                      --exclude=extra/aspell-word-lists \
                      --exclude=isolinux \
                      --exclude=usb-and-pxe-installers \
                      --exclude=pasture"}  # not copied onto the stick

# If we have been given a Slackware tree, we will create a full installer:
if [ -n "$REPOSROOT" ]; then
  if [ -d "$REPOSROOT" -a -f "$REPOSROOT/PACKAGES.TXT" ]; then
    USBIMG=${USBIMG:-"$REPOSROOT/usb-and-pxe-installers/usbboot.img"}
    PKGDIR=$(head -40 $REPOSROOT/PACKAGES.TXT | grep 'PACKAGE LOCATION: ' |head -1 |cut -f2 -d/)
    if [ -z "$PKGDIR" ]; then
      echo "*** Could not find the package subdirectory in '$REPOSROOT'!"
      exit 1
    fi
  else
    echo "*** Directory '$REPOSROOT' does not look like a Slackware tree!"
    exit 1
  fi
fi

# More sanity checks:
if [ -z "$TARGET" -o -z "$USBIMG" ]; then
  echo "*** You must specify both the names of usbboot.img and the USB device!"
  exit 1
fi

if [ ! -f $USBIMG ]; then
  echo "*** This is not a useable file: '$USBIMG' !"
  exit 1
fi

if [ ! -b $TARGET ]; then
  echo "*** Not a block device: '$TARGET' !"
  exit 1
elif [ $REFORMAT -eq 0 ]; then
  if ! /sbin/blkid -t TYPE=vfat $TARGETPART 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null ; then
    echo "*** I fail to find a 'vfat' partition: '$TARGETPART' !"
    echo "*** If you want to format the USB thumb drive, add the '-f' parameter"
    exit 1
  fi
fi

if mount | grep -q $TARGETPART ; then
  echo "*** Please un-mount $TARGETPART first, then re-run this script!"
  exit 1
fi

# Do not croak if we have a Slackware tree without sources:
if [ ! $(readlink -f ${REPOSROOT}/extra/java ) ]; then
   EXCLUDES="${EXCLUDES} --exclude=extra/java"
fi

# Check for prerequisites which may not always be installed:
MISSBIN=0
MBRBIN="/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin"
if [ ! -r $MBRBIN ]; then MBRBIN="/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin"; fi
if [ ! -r $MBRBIN -o ! -x /usr/bin/syslinux ]; then
  echo "*** This script requires that the 'syslinux' package is installed!"
  MISSBIN=1
fi
if [ ! -x /usr/bin/mtools ]; then
  echo "*** This script requires that the 'floppy' (mtools) package is installed!"
  MISSBIN=1
fi
if [ ! -x /sbin/mkdosfs ]; then
  echo "*** This script requires that the 'dosfstools' package is installed!"
  MISSBIN=1
fi
if [ ! -x /bin/cpio ]; then
  echo "*** This script requires that the 'cpio' package is installed!"
  MISSBIN=1
fi
if [ $MISSBIN -eq 1 ]; then exit 1 ; fi

# Show the USB device's information to the user:
if [ $UNATTENDED -eq 0 ]; then
  [ $REFORMAT -eq 1 ] && DOFRMT="format and " || DOFRMT="" 

  echo ""
  echo "# We are going to ${DOFRMT}use this device - '$TARGET':"
  echo "# Vendor : $(cat /sys/block/$(basename $TARGET)/device/vendor)"
  echo "# Model  : $(cat /sys/block/$(basename $TARGET)/device/model)"
  echo "# Size   : $(( $(cat /sys/block/$(basename $TARGET)/size) / 2048)) MB"
  echo "# "
  echo "# FDISK OUTPUT:"
  /sbin/fdisk -l $TARGET | while read LINE ; do echo "# $LINE" ; done
  echo ""

  echo "***                                                       ***"
  echo "*** If this is the wrong drive, then press CONTROL-C now! ***"
  echo "***                                                       ***"

  read -p "Or press ENTER to continue: " JUNK
  # OK... the user was sure about the drive...
fi

# Initialize the logfile:
cat /dev/null > $LOGFILE

# If we need to format the USB drive, do it now:
if [ $REFORMAT -eq 1 ]; then
  echo "--- Formatting $TARGET with VFAT partition label '${FATLABEL}'..."
  if [ $UNATTENDED -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "--- Last chance! Press CTRL-C to abort!"
    read -p "Or press ENTER to continue: " JUNK
  fi
  ( reformat $TARGET ${FATLABEL} ) 1>>$LOGFILE 2>&1
else
  # We do not format the drive, but apply a FAT label if required.

  # Prepare for using mlabel to change the FAT label:
  MTOOLSRCFILE=$(mktemp -p /tmp -t mtoolsrc.XXXXXX)
  echo "drive s: file=\"$TARGETPART\"" > $MTOOLSRCFILE
  echo "mtools_skip_check=1" >> $MTOOLSRCFILE

  if [ -n "$CUSTOMLABEL" ]; then
    # User gave us a FAT label to use, so we will force that upon the drive:
    echo "--- Setting FAT partition label to '$FATLABEL'"
    MTOOLSRC=$MTOOLSRCFILE mlabel s:${FATLABEL}
  elif [ -n "$(/sbin/blkid -t TYPE=vfat -s LABEL -o export $TARGETPART)" ] ; then
    # User did not care, but the USB stick has a FAT label that we will use:
    eval $(/sbin/blkid -t TYPE=vfat -s LABEL -o export $TARGETPART)
    FATLABEL=$LABEL
    echo "--- Using current FAT partition label '$FATLABEL'"
    unset LABEL
  else
    # No user-supplied label, nor a drive label present. We apply our default:
    echo "--- Setting FAT partition label to '$FATLABEL'"
    MTOOLSRC=$MTOOLSRCFILE mlabel s:${FATLABEL}
  fi

  # Cleanup:
  rm -f $MTOOLSRCFILE
fi

# Create a temporary mount point for the image file:
mkdir -p /mnt
MNTDIR1=$(mktemp -d -p /mnt -t img.XXXXXX)
if [ ! -d $MNTDIR1 ]; then
  echo "*** Failed to create a temporary mount point for the image!"
  exit 1
else
  chmod 711 $MNTDIR1
fi

# Create a temporary mount point for the USB thumb drive partition:
MNTDIR2=$(mktemp -d -p /mnt -t usb.XXXXXX)
if [ ! -d $MNTDIR2 ]; then
  echo "*** Failed to create a temporary mount point for the usb thumb drive!"
  exit 1
else
  chmod 711 $MNTDIR2
fi

# Create a temporary directory to extract the initrd if needed:
MNTDIR3=$(mktemp -d -p /mnt -t initrd.XXXXXX)
if [ ! -d $MNTDIR3 ]; then
  echo "*** Failed to create a temporary directory to extract the initrd!"
  exit 1
else
  chmod 711 $MNTDIR3
fi

# Mount the image file:
mount -o loop,ro $USBIMG $MNTDIR1

# Mount the vfat partition:
mount -t vfat -o shortname=mixed $TARGETPART $MNTDIR2

# Do we have space to create a full Slackware USB install medium?
if [ "$FULLINSTALLER" = "yes" ]; then
  if [ $(df --block=1MB $TARGETPART |grep "^$TARGETPART" |tr -s ' ' |cut -f4 -d' ') -le $MININSFREE ]; then
    echo "*** The partition '$TARGETPART' does not have enough"
    echo "*** free space (${MININSFREE} MB) to create a Slackware installation medium!"
    cleanup
    exit 1
  fi
fi

# Check available space for a Slackware USB setup bootdisk:
USBFREE=$(df -k $TARGETPART |grep "^$TARGETPART" |tr -s ' ' |cut -d' ' -f4)
IMGSIZE=$(du -k $USBIMG |cut -f1)
echo "--- Available free space on the the USB drive is $USBFREE KB"
echo "--- Required free space for installer: $IMGSIZE KB"

# Exit when the installer image's size does not fit in available space:
if [ $IMGSIZE -gt $USBFREE ]; then
  echo "*** The USB thumb drive does not have enough free space!"
  # Cleanup and exit:
  cleanup
  exit 1
fi

if [ $UNATTENDED -eq 0 ]; then
  # if we are running interactively, warn about overwriting files:
  if [ -n "$REPOSROOT" ]; then
    if [ -d $MNTDIR2/syslinux -o -d $MNTDIR2/$(basename $REPOSROOT) ]; then
      echo "--- Your USB drive contains directories 'syslinux' and/or '$(basename $REPOSROOT)'"
      echo "--- These will be overwritten.  Press CTRL-C to abort now!"
      read -p "Or press ENTER to continue: " JUNK
    fi
  else
    if [ -d $MNTDIR2/syslinux ]; then
      echo "--- Your USB drive contains directory 'syslinux'"
      echo "--- This will be overwritten.  Press CTRL-C to abort now!"
      read -p "Or press ENTER to continue: " JUNK
    fi
  fi
fi

# Copy boot image files to the USB disk in its own subdirectory '/syslinux':
echo "--- Copying boot files to the USB drive..."
mkdir -p $MNTDIR2/syslinux
cp -R $MNTDIR1/* $MNTDIR2/syslinux/
rm -f $MNTDIR2/syslinux/ldlinux.sys

# If we are creating a full Slackware installer, there is a lot more to do:
if [ "$FULLINSTALLER" = "yes" ]; then
  # Extract the Slackware initrd for modifications we have to do:
  echo "--- Extracting Slackware initrd.img..."
  ( cd ${MNTDIR3}/
    gunzip -cd ${MNTDIR2}/syslinux/initrd.img | cpio -i -d -H newc --no-absolute-filenames
  ) 2>>$LOGFILE

  # Modify installer files so that installing from USB stick will be easier:
  echo "--- Modifying installer files..."
  ( cd ${MNTDIR3}/
    # Try to automatically mount the installer partition:
    mkdir usbinstall
    echo "mount -t vfat -o ro,shortname=mixed \$(/sbin/blkid -t LABEL=$FATLABEL | cut -f1 -d:) /usbinstall 1>/dev/null 2>&1" >> etc/rc.d/rc.S
    # Adapt the dialogs so that pressing [OK] will be all there is to it:
    sed -i -e 's# --menu# --default-item 6 --menu#' usr/lib/setup/SeTmedia
    sed -i -e "s# 2> \$TMP/sourcedir# /usbinstall/$(basename $REPOSROOT)/$PKGDIR 2> \$TMP/sourcedir#" usr/lib/setup/INSdir
    FIXF=$(find usr/lib/setup -name SeTp*media)
    sed -i -e 's# --menu# --default-item 3 --menu#' $FIXF
  ) 2>>$LOGFILE

  # Recreate the initrd:
  echo "--- Gzipping the initrd image again:"
  chmod 0755 ${MNTDIR3}
  ( cd ${MNTDIR3}/
    find . |cpio -o -H newc |gzip > ${MNTDIR2}/syslinux/initrd.img
  ) 2>>$LOGFILE

  # Copy Slackware package tree (no sources) to the USB disk -
  # we already made sure that ${REPOSROOT} does not end with a '/'
  echo "--- Copying Slackware package tree to the USB drive..."
  rsync -rpthDL --delete $EXCLUDES $REPOSROOT $MNTDIR2/
fi

# Unmount/remove stuff:
cleanup

# Run syslinux and write a good MBR:
echo "--- Making the USB drive '$TARGET' bootable..."
( makebootable $TARGET ) 1>>$LOGFILE 2>&1
/usr/bin/syslinux -s -d /syslinux $TARGETPART 1>>$LOGFILE 2>&1
dd if=$MBRBIN of=$TARGET 1>>$LOGFILE 2>&1

# THE END