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#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2024 Patrick J. Volkerding, Sebeka, Minnesota, USA
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use of this script, with or without modification, is
# permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# 1. Redistributions of this script must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
# EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
# OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
# WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
# OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
# ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# This script creates a virtual installed package named
# kernel-backup-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${ARCH}-${BUILD}, which
# consists of a backup of /boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-generic
# to /boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-backup, and the modules that
# go with this kernel. If there's a matching initrd already created,
# we'll include that too. Otherwise, we'll assume you don't want one
# or that you'll manage it yourself outside of the installed backup
# package.
#
# By default, it makes a backup of the kernel pointed to by
# /boot/vmlinuz-generic. Once backed up, this kernel can be added to
# your bootloader as a fallback kernel, and removing or upgrading the
# original kernel-generic package will not remove it. But, you can
# remove the kernel-backup package later with removepkg if you wish.
#
# The $KERNEL_FILE doesn't need to have any particular naming scheme.
# You could point at /usr/src/linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage for all this
# script cares. The kernel modules do need to be installed first though.
# If /etc/default/make-kernel-backup exists, source it to set initial values
# for BUILD, KERNEL_FILE, BACKUP_NAME, and MAKE_SYMLINKS:
if [ -r /etc/default/make-kernel-backup ]; then
. /etc/default/make-kernel-backup
fi
BUILD=${BUILD:-1}
# This is the kernel to use (may be a symlink):
KERNEL_FILE=${KERNEL_FILE:-/boot/vmlinuz-generic}
# This is the kernel name for the backup kernel:
BACKUP_NAME=${BACKUP_NAME:-backup}
# Do we want to make unversioned symlinks to the backup kernel and (if used)
# initrd? With the default BACKUP_NAME, these would be named vmlinuz-backup
# and initrd-backup.img.
MAKE_SYMLINKS=${MAKE_SYMLINKS:-true}
# If this is a symlink, find the actual file:
if [ -L $KERNEL_FILE ]; then
KERNEL_FILE=$(readlink -f $KERNEL_FILE)
fi
# Is this a Linux kernel?
if ! file $KERNEL_FILE | grep -q "Linux kernel" ; then
echo "ERROR: $KERNEL_FILE does not appear to be a Linux kernel."
exit 1
fi
# Find the kernel version:
if [ -r $KERNEL_FILE ]; then
KERNEL_VERSION=$(strings $KERNEL_FILE | grep '([^ ]*@[^ ]*) #' | cut -f1 -d' ')
else
echo "ERROR: $KERNEL_FILE not found."
exit 1
fi
# We require the modules for this kernel version to be installed:
if [ ! -d /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION} ]; then
echo "ERROR: directory /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION} does not exist."
echo "Refusing to back up a kernel without modules."
exit 1
fi
# Guess the $ARCH:
if file /bin/bash | grep -wq x86-64 ; then
ARCH="x86_64"
elif file /bin/bash | grep -wq 80386 ; then
ARCH="i686"
else
ARCH="$(uname -m)"
fi
# Make a backup of the kernel in /boot:
rm -f /boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}
cp -a $KERNEL_FILE /boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}
if [ "$MAKE_SYMLINKS" = "true" ]; then
# Make an unversioned symlink:
rm -f /boot/vmlinuz-${BACKUP_NAME}
ln -sf vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME} /boot/vmlinuz-${BACKUP_NAME}
fi
# If there is an initrd for this kernel version, we will assume that's
# the one we should use:
if /bin/ls /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-*.img 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then
# Pick the newest one:
cp -a $(/bin/ls -t /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-*.img | grep -v /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img | head -n 1) /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img
INITBLURB="Backed up $(/bin/ls -t /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-*.img | grep -v /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img | head -n 1) as /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img."
else
INITBLURB="Not including an initrd because a matching version was not found."
fi
# OK, an initrd could be made automatically if you don't have one, but that's
# not really this script's job. ;-) If you don't already have one, we will
# assume that's because you don't use one, and don't want one.
#else
# # Make an initrd for this:
# sh /usr/share/mkinitrd/mkinitrd_command_generator.sh -k ${KERNEL_VERSION} -a "-L -o /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img" | bash 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
#fi
if [ "$MAKE_SYMLINKS" = "true" ]; then
# Make an initrd symlink if we backed up an initrd:
if [ -f /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img ]; then
rm -f /boot/initrd-${BACKUP_NAME}.img
ln -sf initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img /boot/initrd-${BACKUP_NAME}.img
fi
fi
# Some shortcuts to avoid redundancy:
PACKAGE_NAME="kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${ARCH}-${BUILD}"
PACKAGES_ENTRY=/var/lib/pkgtools/packages/${PACKAGE_NAME}
SCRIPTS_ENTRY=/var/lib/pkgtools/scripts/${PACKAGE_NAME}
# Now we need to make a "virtual" package. We'll start with the "pkgtools/packages/" entry:
cat << EOF > $PACKAGES_ENTRY
PACKAGE NAME: ${PACKAGE_NAME}
COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 93M
UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 444M
PACKAGE LOCATION: ./${PACKAGE_NAME}
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION:
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: kernel-${BACKUP_NAME} (backup of ${KERNEL_FILE})
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}:
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: This is a Linux kernel with built-in support for SATA, NVMe, and most
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: commonly used filesystems, as well as a large collection of loadable
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: kernel modules.
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}:
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: It is recommended to use an initrd with this kernel for best results.
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: For more information about creating an initrd, see the README.initrd
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}: file in the /boot directory.
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}:
kernel-${BACKUP_NAME}:
FILE LIST:
./
boot/
EOF
echo boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME} >> $PACKAGES_ENTRY
if [ -f /boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img ]; then
echo boot/initrd-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}.img >> $PACKAGES_ENTRY
fi
echo "lib/" >> $PACKAGES_ENTRY
echo "lib/modules/" >> $PACKAGES_ENTRY
# First the files:
find /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION} -type f | cut -b2- > ${PACKAGES_ENTRY}-tmp
# Then the directories:
find /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION} -type d | cut -b2- | sed "s|$|/|" >> ${PACKAGES_ENTRY}-tmp
cat ${PACKAGES_ENTRY}-tmp | sort >> $PACKAGES_ENTRY
rm -f ${PACKAGES_ENTRY}-tmp
# Finally, store the symlinks in the "pkgtools/scripts/" entry:
make_install_script() {
TAB="$(echo -e "\t")"
COUNT=1
while :; do
LINE="$(sed -n "$COUNT p" $1)"
if [ "$LINE" = "" ]; then
break
fi
LINKGOESIN="$(echo "$LINE" | cut -f 1 -d "$TAB")"
LINKGOESIN="$(dirname "$LINKGOESIN")"
LINKNAMEIS="$(echo "$LINE" | cut -f 1 -d "$TAB")"
LINKNAMEIS="$(basename "$LINKNAMEIS")"
LINKPOINTSTO="$(echo "$LINE" | cut -f 2 -d "$TAB")"
echo "( cd $LINKGOESIN ; rm -rf $LINKNAMEIS )"
echo "( cd $LINKGOESIN ; ln -sf $LINKPOINTSTO $LINKNAMEIS )"
COUNT=$(expr $COUNT + 1)
done
}
rm -f ${SCRIPTS_ENTRY}
find /boot -name vmlinuz-${BACKUP_NAME} -printf "%p\t%l\n" | cut -b2- | LC_COLLATE=C sort | sed 's,^\./,,; s,[ "#$&\x27()*;<>?[\\`{|~],\\&,g;' | make_install_script >> ${SCRIPTS_ENTRY}
find /boot -name initrd-${BACKUP_NAME}.img -printf "%p\t%l\n" | cut -b2- | LC_COLLATE=C sort | sed 's,^\./,,; s,[ "#$&\x27()*;<>?[\\`{|~],\\&,g;' | make_install_script >> ${SCRIPTS_ENTRY}
find /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION} -type l -printf "%p\t%l\n" | cut -b2- | LC_COLLATE=C sort | sed 's,^\./,,; s,[ "#$&\x27()*;<>?[\\`{|~],\\&,g;' | make_install_script >> ${SCRIPTS_ENTRY}
echo "Backed up ${KERNEL_FILE} as /boot/vmlinuz-${KERNEL_VERSION}-${BACKUP_NAME}."
echo "Backed up kernel modules in /lib/modules/${KERNEL_VERSION}/"
if [ ! -z "$INITBLURB" ]; then
echo $INITBLURB
fi
echo "Installed as package ${PACKAGE_NAME}."
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