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-<title>Process Control</title>
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-<div class="CHAPTER">
-<h1><a id="PROCESS-CONTROL" name="PROCESS-CONTROL"></a>Chapter 11 Process Control</h1>
-
-<div class="TOC">
-<dl>
-<dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt>
-
-<dt>11.1 <a
-href="process-control.html#PROCESS-CONTROL-BACKGROUNDING">Backgrounding</a></dt>
-
-<dt>11.2 <a href="process-control-foregrounding.html">Foregrounding</a></dt>
-
-<dt>11.3 <a href="process-control-ps.html"><tt class="COMMAND">ps</tt></a></dt>
-
-<dt>11.4 <a href="process-control-kill.html"><tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt></a></dt>
-
-<dt>11.5 <a href="process-control-top.html"><tt class="COMMAND">top</tt></a></dt>
-</dl>
-</div>
-
-<p>Every program that is running is called a process. These processes range from things
-like the X Window System to system programs (daemons) that are started when the computer
-boots. Every process runs as a particular user. Processes that are started at boot time
-usually run as <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> or <tt class="USERNAME">nobody</tt>.
-Processes that you start will run as you. Processes started as other users will run as
-those users.</p>
-
-<p>You have control over all the processes that you start. Additionally, <tt
-class="USERNAME">root</tt> has control over all processes on the system, including those
-started by other users. Processes can be controlled and monitored through several
-programs, as well as some shell commands.</p>
-
-<div class="SECT1">
-<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="PROCESS-CONTROL-BACKGROUNDING"
-name="PROCESS-CONTROL-BACKGROUNDING">11.1 Backgrounding</a></h1>
-
-<p>Programs started from the command line start up in the foreground. This allows you to
-see all the output of the program and interact with it. However, there are several
-occasions when you'd like the program to run without taking up your terminal. This is
-called running the program in the background, and there are a few ways to do it.</p>
-
-<p>The first way to background a process is by adding an ampersand to the command line
-when you start the program. For example, assume you wanted to use the command line mp3
-player <tt class="COMMAND">amp</tt> to play a directory full of mp3s, but you needed to
-do something else on the same terminal. The following command line would start up amp in
-the background:</p>
-
-<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
-<tr>
-<td>
-<pre class="SCREEN">
-<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">amp *.mp3 &#38;</kbd>
-</pre>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>The program will run as normal, and you are returned to a prompt.</p>
-
-<p>The other way to background a process is to do so while it is running. First, start up
-a program. While it is running, hit <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>+<b
-class="KEYCAP">z</b>. This suspends the process. A suspended process is basically paused.
-It momentarily stops running, but can be started up again at any time. Once you have
-suspended a process, you are returned to a prompt. You can background the process by
-typing:</p>
-
-<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
-<tr>
-<td>
-<pre class="SCREEN">
-<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">bg</kbd>
-</pre>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>Now the suspended process is running in the background.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
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-<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
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-class="COMMAND">ln</tt></td>
-<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
-<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Foregrounding</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
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