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diff --git a/slackbook/html/emacs.html b/slackbook/html/emacs.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c6479cd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/slackbook/html/emacs.html @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> +<title>Emacs</title> +<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> +<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> +<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Vi Keys" href="vi-keys.html" /> +<link rel="NEXT" title="Buffers" href="emacs-buffers.html" /> +<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +</head> +<body class="CHAPTER" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" +alink="#0000FF"> +<div class="NAVHEADER"> +<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="vi-keys.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom"></td> +<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="emacs-buffers.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +</div> + +<div class="CHAPTER"> +<h1><a id="EMACS" name="EMACS"></a>Chapter 17 Emacs</h1> + +<div class="TOC"> +<dl> +<dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt> + +<dt>17.1 <a href="emacs.html#EMACS-STARTING">Starting emacs</a></dt> + +<dt>17.2 <a href="emacs-buffers.html">Buffers</a></dt> + +<dt>17.3 <a href="emacs-modes.html">Modes</a></dt> + +<dt>17.4 <a href="emacs-basic-editing.html">Basic Editing</a></dt> + +<dt>17.5 <a href="emacs-saving-files.html">Saving Files</a></dt> +</dl> +</div> + +<p>While <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> (with its clones) is without a doubt the most +ubiquitous editor on Unix-like systems, Emacs comes in a good second. Instead of using +different “modes”, like <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> does, it uses <b +class="KEYCAP">Control</b> and <b class="KEYCAP">Alt</b> key combinations to enter +commands, in much the same way that you can use <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b> and <b +class="KEYCAP">Alt</b> key combinations in a word processor and indeed in many other +applications to execute certain functions. (Though it should be noted that the commands +rarely correspond; so while many modern applications use <b class="KEYCAP">Ctrl</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">C</b>/ <b class="KEYCAP">X</b>/ <b class="KEYCAP">V</b> for copying, +cutting and pasting, Emacs uses different keys and actually a somewhat different +mechanism for this.)</p> + +<p>Also unlike <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt>, which is an (excellent) editor and nothing +more, Emacs is a program with near endless capabilities. Emacs is (for the most part) +written in Lisp, which is a very powerful programming language that has the peculiar +property that every program written in it is automatically a Lisp compiler of its own. +This means that the user can extend Emacs, and in fact write completely new programs +“in Emacs”.</p> + +<p>As a result, Emacs is not just an editor anymore. There are many add-on packages for +Emacs available (many come with the program's source) that provide all sorts of +functionality. Many of these are related to text editing, which is after all Emacs' basic +task, but it doesn't stop there. There are for example several spreadsheet programs for +Emacs, there are databases, games, mail and news clients (the top one being Gnus), +etc.</p> + +<p>There are two main versions of Emacs: GNU Emacs (which is the version that comes with +Slackware) and XEmacs. The latter is <span class="emphasis"><i +class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> a version for Emacs running under X. In fact, both Emacs +and XEmacs run on the console as well as under X. XEmacs was once started as a project to +tidy up the Emacs code. Currently, both versions are being actively developed, and there +is in fact much interaction between the two development teams. For the present chapter, +it is immaterial whether you use Emacs or XEmacs, the differences between them are not +relevant to the normal user.</p> + +<div class="SECT1"> +<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="EMACS-STARTING" name="EMACS-STARTING">17.1 Starting +emacs</a></h1> + +<p>Emacs can be started from the shell by simply typing <tt class="COMMAND">emacs</tt>. +When you are running X, Emacs will (normally) come up with its own X window, usually with +a menu bar at the top, where you can find the most important functions. On startup, Emacs +will first show a welcome message, and then after a few seconds will drop you in the +*scratch* buffer. (See <a href="emacs-buffers.html">Section 17.2</a>.)</p> + +<div class="INFORMALFIGURE"><a id="AEN5971" name="AEN5971"></a> +<p><img src="emacs/emacs.png" /></p> +</div> + +<p>You can also start Emacs on an existing file by typing</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">emacs /etc/resolv.conf</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>This will cause Emacs to load the specified file when it starts up, skipping the +welcome message.</p> + +<div class="SECT2"> +<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="EMACS-COMMAND-KEYS" name="EMACS-COMMAND-KEYS">17.1.1 Command +Keys</a></h2> + +<p>As mentioned above, Emacs uses <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b> and <b +class="KEYCAP">Alt</b> combinations for commands. The usual convention is to write these +with <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">letter</b> and <b class="KEYCAP">M</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">letter</b>, respectively. So <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">x</b> means <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>+<b class="KEYCAP">x</b>, and <b +class="KEYCAP">M</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> means <b class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>+<b +class="KEYCAP">x</b>. (The letter <b class="KEYCAP">M</b> is used instead of A because +originally the key was not the <b class="KEYCAP">Alt</b> key but the <b +class="KEYCAP">Meta</b> key. The <b class="KEYCAP">Meta</b> key has all but disappeared +from computer keyboards, and in Emacs the <b class="KEYCAP">Alt</b> key has taken over +its function.)</p> + +<p>Many Emacs commands consist of sequences of keys and key combinations. For example, <b +class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">c</b> (that is <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> +followed by <b class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">c</b> ) quits Emacs, <b +class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">s</b> saves the current file. Keep in mind that <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b +class="KEYCAP">x</b> <b class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">b</b> is <span +class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> the same as <b +class="KEYCAP">C</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> <b class="KEYCAP">b</b>. The former means <b +class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> followed by <b +class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">b</b>, while the latter means <b +class="KEYCAP">Control</b>-<b class="KEYCAP">x</b> followed by just '<b +class="KEYCAP">b</b>'.</p> +</div> +</div> +</div> + +<div class="NAVFOOTER"> +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="vi-keys.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" +accesskey="H">Home</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="emacs-buffers.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Vi Keys</td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"> </td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Buffers</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</body> +</html> + |