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author Patrick J Volkerding <volkerdi@slackware.com>2020-12-30 21:56:42 +0000
committer Eric Hameleers <alien@slackware.com>2020-12-31 08:59:47 +0100
commitfe9485f84fe335299a6f068debd6523cb43d7bf4 (patch)
treee52b05745ab6912f1cf5726ed673797da5ad3284 /source/a/mkinitrd
parent651d40d6d3b5ec8921993052339ec463b4b507ef (diff)
downloadcurrent-fe9485f84fe335299a6f068debd6523cb43d7bf4.tar.gz
current-fe9485f84fe335299a6f068debd6523cb43d7bf4.tar.xz
Wed Dec 30 21:56:42 UTC 202020201230215642
a/kernel-firmware-20201230_f580dc2-noarch-1.txz: Upgraded. a/kernel-generic-5.10.4-x86_64-1.txz: Upgraded. a/kernel-huge-5.10.4-x86_64-1.txz: Upgraded. a/kernel-modules-5.10.4-x86_64-1.txz: Upgraded. d/kernel-headers-5.10.4-x86-1.txz: Upgraded. k/kernel-source-5.10.4-noarch-1.txz: Upgraded. xfce/thunar-4.16.1-x86_64-1.txz: Upgraded. y/nethack-3.6.6-x86_64-1.txz: Added. Might as well have more than one package in this series. :-) We'll use similar install paths to the ones used by bsd-games for this. isolinux/initrd.img: Rebuilt. kernels/*: Upgraded. usb-and-pxe-installers/usbboot.img: Rebuilt.
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-.\" -*- nroff -*-
-.ds g \" empty
-.ds G \" empty
-.\" Like TP, but if specified indent is more than half
-.\" the current line-length - indent, use the default indent.
-.de Tp
-.ie \\n(.$=0:((0\\$1)*2u>(\\n(.lu-\\n(.iu)) .TP
-.el .TP "\\$1"
-..
-.TH MKINITRD 8 "27 March 2010" "Slackware Version 13.1"
-.SH NAME
-mkinitrd \- create or rebuilt an initrd (initial ramdisk) using initramfs (simple cpio+gzip).
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B mkinitrd
-[
-.B \-F
-]
-[
-.B \-c
-]
-[
-.B \-f filesystem
-]
-[
-.B \-h hibernate_partition
-]
-[
-.B \-k kernel_version
-]
-[
-.B \-m module1:module2:module3...
-]
-[
-.B \-o output_file
-]
-[
-.B \-r root_device
-]
-[
-.B \-s source_tree
-]
-[
-.B \-u
-]
-[
-.B \-w wait_time
-]
-[
-.B \-C device1:device2:device3...
-]
-[
-.B \-K luks_keyfile
-]
-[
-.B \-P microcode_archive
-]
-[
-.B \-B
-]
-[
-.B \-L
-]
-[
-.B \-R
-]
-[
-.B \-V
-]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.B mkinitrd
-is used to build an initial ramdisk. An initial ramdisk is a very small
-set of files that are loaded into RAM and "mounted" (as initramfs doesn't
-actually use a filesystem) as the kernel boots (before the main root
-filesystem is mounted). The usual reason to use an initrd is to load kernel
-kernel modules in order to access the root partition. An initrd might also
-be required to unlock an encrypted device. Usually these modules are
-required to support the filesystem used by the root partition (e.g., ext4,
-jfs, xfs), or perhaps the controller that the hard drive is attached to
-(SCSI, RAID, etc). Essentially, there are so many different options
-available in modern Linux kernels that it isn't practical to try to ship
-many different kernels to try to cover everyone's needs. It's a lot more
-flexible to ship a generic kernel and a set of kernel modules for it.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.TP
-.B \-F
-Use the contents of /etc/mkinitrd.conf as options to mkinitrd (optional).
-If this is used in conjunction with any other options passed on the command
-line, the command-line options will override the config file options.
-.br
-See mkinitrd.conf(5) for details.
-.TP
-.B \-c
-Clear the existing initrd tree (by default in /boot/initrd-tree/) first.
-If this is not done, running mkinitrd will add additional modules to the
-existing initrd.
-.TP
-.B \-f filesystem
-Specify the filesystem to use for the root partition. If this isn't given,
-mount will usually figure it out. This option must be used together with the
-\-r option in order to be beneficial.
-.TP
-.B \--help
-Display a help summary.
-.TP
-.B \-h hibernate_partition
-Specify the swap partition holding the hibernation image.
-.TP
-.B \-k kernel version
-Use kernel modules from the specified kernel version. mkinitrd will look
-for them in /lib/modules/(kernel version).
-.TP
-.B \-l keymap
-Load an alternative keyboard mapping. All supported keyboard mappings
-can be found in /usr/share/mkinitrd/keymaps.tar.gz
-Leave the '.bmap' out when you supply this parameter. E.g. '-l nl' will
-add support for dutch keyboard mapping to the initrd.
-.TP
-.B \-m module list
-This is a list of colon-delimited modules to build into the initrd.
-Any dependencies of requested modules will also be added to the initrd.
-Additional options may be added to use when loading the kernel modules
-(but in this case the entire list must be wrapped with double quotes).
-.TP
-.B \-o output image
-The file to write the initrd to. (default: /boot/initrd.gz)
-.TP
-.BI \-r \ root_device
-Specify the device to be used as the root partition. If this isn't given, the
-kernel default will be used (which is usually fine). This option must be used
-together with the \-f option in order to be beneficial.
-.I root_device
-can be a device node path, UUID, or LABEL. See examples for \fB\-C\fR below.
-.TP
-.B \-s source tree
-The directory to use as the source for the initrd. (default: /boot/initrd-tree/)
-.TP
-.B \-u
-Include udev in the initrd.
-.TP
-.B \-w
-The -w option specifies how long to wait in seconds before assuming that all the
-drives are spun up and ready to go.
-.TP
-.BI \-C \ device_list
-A colon (:) delimited list of luks encrypted block devices to be unlocked by
-the initrd using cryptsetup.
-.I device_list
-may include any of: device node path, UUID, or LABEL. All devices that must be
-unlocked in order to access the root filesystem must be specified. For example:
-
- -C /dev/sda2:/dev/sda3
-.br
- -C UUID=ec6dea40-c8d8-4590-850a-a757be60e45a
-.br
- -C LABEL=darkstar
-
-Each unlocked device will be assigned an automatically generated luks device
-name of the form luks<device> where '<device>' will be the basename of the
-encrypted device node path. For example:
-
- /dev/mapper/lukssda2
-
-As a convenience to users, where -r specifies one of the device names listed
-on the -C option it will be automatically adjusted to use the correct luks
-device name. i.e.
-
- "-C /dev/sda2 -r /dev/sda2" and
- "-C /dev/sda2 -r /dev/mapper/lukssda2"
-
-are equivalent.
-.br
-(Use with '-r' option).
-.TP
-.B \-K luks_keyfile
-When using cryptsetup to encrypt your partition, you can use a keyfile instead
-of a passphrase to unlock the LUKS volume. The LUKSKEY variable holds the
-filename of a keyfile, as well as the label (or uuid) of the partition this
-file is on. This way, you can unlock your computer automatically if you have a
-USB stick with your LUKS key inserted at boot. A passphrase will still be asked
-if the LUKS key can not be found.
-.br
-For example, if your USB thumb drive has a FAT partition with label
-"TRAVELSTICK" and the actual keyfile is called "/keys/alien.luks", then
-you need to set:
-
- -K LABEL=TRAVELSTICK:/keys/alien.luks
-.TP
-.B \-T device list
-A colon (:) delimited list of luks encrypted block devices to be passed the
-"--allow-discards" option when unlocked by the initrd using cryptsetup, e.g.
-
- -T /dev/sda2:/dev/sda4
-
-This has the effect of allowing TRIM on SSD drives. Be sure your SSD supports
-this feature (correctly) before enabling it. See fstrim(8) for more information.
-.TP
-.B \-P microcode_archive
-This option specifies a cpio archive containing updated microcode for your CPU.
-CPU manufacturers occasionally release such updates to fix bugs in the microcode
-currently embedded in the CPU. The microcode archive will be prepended to the
-output initrd, where the kernel will find it for early patching:
-
- -P /boot/intel-ucode.cpio
-
-.TP
-.B \-B
-This option adds the btrfs utility to the initrd so that multi-device filesystems
-will be picked up by a scan (/sbin/btrfs device scan). This is needed if the
-root filesystem is a Btrfs multi-device filesystem.
-.TP
-.B \-L
-This option adds LVM support to the initrd, if the tools are
-available on the system.
-.TP
-.B \-R
-This option adds RAID support to the initrd, if a static mdadm binary is
-available on the system.
-.TP
-.B \-V
-Display version information and exit.
-.SH EXAMPLES
-A simple example: Build an initrd for a reiserfs root partition:
-
- mkinitrd -c -m reiserfs
-
-Another example: Build an initrd image using Linux 2.6.33.1 kernel
-modules for a system with an ext3 root partition on /dev/sdb3:
-
- mkinitrd -c -k 2.6.33.1 -m ext3 -f ext3 -r /dev/sdb3
-
-An example of a single encrypted partition setup:
-.br
-As a user convenience, the value for the "-r" option may also be specified as
-"/dev/sda2" in this example:
-
- mkinitrd -c -k 2.6.33.1 \\
- -m ext4:ehci-hcd:uhci-hcd:usbhid \\
- -f ext4 -r /dev/mapper/lukssda2 \\
- -C /dev/sda2 \\
- -l uk
-
-Finally, A more complex example:
-.br
-This one is for a LVM Volume Group (rootvg) comprising of two LVM Physical
-Volumes, each of which is on a LUKS encrypted partition that will need to be
-unlocked before the root filesystem (/dev/rootvg/lvroot) can be accessed.
-
- mkinitrd -c -k 2.6.29.6 \\
- -m ext4:ehci-hcd:uhci-hcd:usbhid \\
- -f ext4 -r /dev/rootvg/lvroot \\
- -L -C /dev/sda2:/dev/sdb2 \\
- -l uk
-
-If run without options, mkinitrd will rebuild an initrd image using
-the contents of the $SOURCE_TREE directory, or, if that directory
-does not exist it will be created and populated, and then mkinitrd
-will exit. These options are handy for building an initrd mostly
-by hand. After creating /boot/initrd-tree/, you can add modules and
-edit files by hand, and then rerun mkinitrd to create the initrd.
-
-Once the initrd is created, you'll need to tell your boot loader
-to load it. If you boot with LILO, you will need to add an initrd
-line to /etc/lilo.conf. Here's a section of lilo.conf that shows
-how to set this up:
-
- # Linux bootable partition config begins
- image = /boot/vmlinuz-generic-2.6.33.1
- initrd = /boot/initrd.gz
- root = /dev/sda3
- label = Linux26331
- read-only
- # Linux bootable partition config ends
-
-Note that the line "root = /dev/sda3" is not needed if the root device
-has been configured in the initrd image.
-
-Once you've created the initrd and editing /etc/lilo.conf, you will
-need to run 'lilo' to write out the changed boot block. The next
-time you reboot the initrd should be loaded along with the kernel.
-
-Have fun!
-
-.SH SEE ALSO
-mkinitrd.conf (5)
-
-.SH AUTHOR
-Patrick J. Volkerding <volkerdi@slackware.com>