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| author |   Patrick J Volkerding <volkerdi@slackware.com> | 2009-08-26 10:00:38 -0500 |
|---|---|---|
| committer |   Eric Hameleers <alien@slackware.com> | 2018-05-31 22:41:17 +0200 |
| commit | 5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05 (patch) | |
| tree | 55718d5acb710fde798d9f38d0bbaf594ed4b296 /slackbook/html/shell.html | |
| download | current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.gz current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.xz | |
Slackware 13.0slackware-13.0
Wed Aug 26 10:00:38 CDT 2009
Slackware 13.0 x86_64 is released as stable! Thanks to everyone who
helped make this release possible -- see the RELEASE_NOTES for the
credits. The ISOs are off to the replicator. This time it will be a
6 CD-ROM 32-bit set and a dual-sided 32-bit/64-bit x86/x86_64 DVD.
We're taking pre-orders now at store.slackware.com. Please consider
picking up a copy to help support the project. Once again, thanks to
the entire Slackware community for all the help testing and fixing
things and offering suggestions during this development cycle.
As always, have fun and enjoy! -P.
Diffstat (limited to 'slackbook/html/shell.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | slackbook/html/shell.html | 166 |
1 files changed, 166 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/slackbook/html/shell.html b/slackbook/html/shell.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa259c8c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/slackbook/html/shell.html @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> +<title>The Shell</title> +<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> +<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> +<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Dual Booting" href="booting-dual.html" /> +<link rel="NEXT" title="The Command Line" href="shell-command-line.html" /> +<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +</head> +<body class="CHAPTER" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" +alink="#0000FF"> +<div class="NAVHEADER"> +<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="booting-dual.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom"></td> +<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="shell-command-line.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +</div> + +<div class="CHAPTER"> +<h1><a id="SHELL" name="SHELL"></a>Chapter 8 The Shell</h1> + +<div class="TOC"> +<dl> +<dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt> + +<dt>8.1 <a href="shell.html#SHELL-USERS">Users</a></dt> + +<dt>8.2 <a href="shell-command-line.html">The Command Line</a></dt> + +<dt>8.3 <a href="shell-bash.html">The Bourne Again Shell (bash)</a></dt> + +<dt>8.4 <a href="shell-vt.html">Virtual Terminals</a></dt> +</dl> +</div> + +<p>In a graphical environment, the interface is provided by a program that creates +windows, scrollbars, menus, etc. In a commandline environment, the user interface is +provided by a shell, which interprets commands and generally makes things useable. +Immediately after logging in (which is covered in this chapter), users are put into a +shell and allowed to go about their business. This chapter serves as an introduction to +the shell, and to the most common shell among Linux users-- the Bourne Again Shell +(bash). For more detailed information on anything in this chapter, check out the <tt +class="COMMAND">bash</tt>(1) man page.</p> + +<div class="SECT1"> +<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="SHELL-USERS" name="SHELL-USERS">8.1 Users</a></h1> + +<div class="SECT2"> +<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN2678" name="AEN2678">8.1.1 Logging In</a></h2> + +<p>So you've booted, and you're looking at something that looks like this:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +Welcome to Linux 2.4.18 +Last login: Wed Jan 1 15:59:14 -0500 2005 on tty6. +darkstar login: +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Hmm.. nobody said anything about a login. And what's a darkstar? Don't worry; you +probably didn't accidentally fire up a hyperspace comm-link to the Empire's artificial +moon. (I'm afraid the hyperspace comm-link protocol isn't currently supported by the +Linux kernel. Maybe the 2.8 kernel branch will at last provide this oft looked-for +support.) No, darkstar is just the name of one of our computers, and its name gets +stamped on as the default. If you specified a name for your computer during setup, you +should see it instead of darkstar.</p> + +<p>As for the login... If this is your first time, you'll want to log in as <tt +class="USERNAME">root</tt>. You'll be prompted for a password; if you set one during the +setup process, that's what it's looking for. If not, just hit enter. That's it-- you're +in!</p> +</div> + +<div class="SECT2"> +<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN2693" name="AEN2693">8.1.2 Root: The Superuser</a></h2> + +<p>Okay, who or <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">what</i></span> is <tt +class="USERNAME">root</tt>? And what's it doing with an account on <span +class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">your</i></span> system?</p> + +<p>Well, in the world of Unix and similar operating systems (like Linux), there are users +and then there are users. We'll go into this in more detail later, but the important +thing to know now is that <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> is the user above all users; <tt +class="USERNAME">root</tt> is all-powerful and all-knowing, and <span class="emphasis"><i +class="EMPHASIS">nobody</i></span> disobeys <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt>. It just isn't +allowed. <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> is what we call a “superuser”, and +rightly so. And best of all, <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> is <span class="emphasis"><i +class="EMPHASIS">you</i></span>.</p> + +<p>Cool, huh?</p> + +<p>If you're not sure: yes, that's very cool. The catch is, though, that root is +inherently allowed to break anything it so desires. You might want to skip ahead to <a +href="essential-sysadmin.html#ESSENTIAL-SYSADMIN-USERS-SCRIPTS">Section 12.1.1</a> and +see about adding a user; then login as that user and work from there. The traditional +wisdom is that it's best to only become the superuser when absolutely necessary, so as to +minimize the possibility of accidentally breaking something.</p> + +<p>By the way, if you decide you want to be root while you're logged in as someone else, +no problem. Just use the <tt class="COMMAND">su</tt>(1) command. You'll be asked for <tt +class="USERNAME">root's</tt> password and then it will make you <tt +class="USERNAME">root</tt> until you <tt class="COMMAND">exit</tt> or <tt +class="COMMAND">logout</tt>. You can also become any other user using <tt +class="COMMAND">su</tt>, provided you know that user's password: <tt class="COMMAND">su +logan</tt>, for instance, would make you me.</p> + +<div class="NOTE"> +<table class="NOTE" width="100%" border="0"> +<tr> +<td width="25" align="CENTER" valign="TOP"><img src="./imagelib/admon/note.png" +hspace="5" alt="Note" /></td> +<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> +<p><tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> is allowed to su to any user, without requiring their +password.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</div> +</div> +</div> + +<div class="NAVFOOTER"> +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="booting-dual.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" +accesskey="H">Home</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="shell-command-line.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Dual Booting</td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"> </td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">The Command Line</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</body> +</html> + |