diff options
| author |   Patrick J Volkerding <volkerdi@slackware.com> | 2009-08-26 10:00:38 -0500 |
|---|---|---|
| committer |   Eric Hameleers <alien@slackware.com> | 2018-05-31 22:41:17 +0200 |
| commit | 5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05 (patch) | |
| tree | 55718d5acb710fde798d9f38d0bbaf594ed4b296 /slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html | |
| download | current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.gz current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.xz | |
Slackware 13.0slackware-13.0
Wed Aug 26 10:00:38 CDT 2009
Slackware 13.0 x86_64 is released as stable! Thanks to everyone who
helped make this release possible -- see the RELEASE_NOTES for the
credits. The ISOs are off to the replicator. This time it will be a
6 CD-ROM 32-bit set and a dual-sided 32-bit/64-bit x86/x86_64 DVD.
We're taking pre-orders now at store.slackware.com. Please consider
picking up a copy to help support the project. Once again, thanks to
the entire Slackware community for all the help testing and fixing
things and offering suggestions during this development cycle.
As always, have fun and enjoy! -P.
Diffstat (limited to 'slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html | 182 |
1 files changed, 182 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html b/slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..322926512 --- /dev/null +++ b/slackbook/html/process-control-kill.html @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> +<title>kill</title> +<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> +<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> +<link rel="UP" title="Process Control" href="process-control.html" /> +<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="ps" href="process-control-ps.html" /> +<link rel="NEXT" title="top" href="process-control-top.html" /> +<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +</head> +<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" +alink="#0000FF"> +<div class="NAVHEADER"> +<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="process-control-ps.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 11 Process Control</td> +<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="process-control-top.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +</div> + +<div class="SECT1"> +<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="PROCESS-CONTROL-KILL" name="PROCESS-CONTROL-KILL">11.4 <tt +class="COMMAND">kill</tt></a></h1> + +<p>On occasion, programs misbehave and you'll need to put them back in line. The program +for this kind of administration is called <tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt>(1), and it can be +used for manipulating processes in several ways. The most obvious use of <tt +class="COMMAND">kill</tt> is to kill off a process. You'll need to do this if a program +has run away and is using up lots of system resources, or if you're just sick of it +running.</p> + +<p>In order to kill off a process, you'll need to know its PID or its name. To get the +PID, use the <tt class="COMMAND">ps</tt> command as was discussed in the last section. +For example, to kill off process 4747, you'd issue the following:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">kill 4747</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Note that you'll have to be the owner of the process in order to kill it. This is a +security feature. If you were allowed to kill off processes started by other users, it +would be possible to do all sorts of malicious things. Of course, <tt +class="USERNAME">root</tt> can kill off any process on the system.</p> + +<p>There's another variety of the <tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt> command called <tt +class="COMMAND">killall</tt>(1). This program does exactly what it says: it kills all the +running processes that have a certain name. If you wanted to kill off all the running <tt +class="COMMAND">vim</tt> processes, you could type the following command:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">killall vim</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Any and all <tt class="COMMAND">vim</tt> processes you have running will die off. +Doing this as <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> would kill off all the <tt +class="COMMAND">vim</tt> processes running for all users. This brings up an interesting +way to kick everyone (including yourself) off the system:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">killall bash</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Sometimes a regular kill doesn't get the job done. Certain processes will not die with +a kill. You'll need to use a more potent form. If that pesky PID 4747 wasn't responding +to your kill request, you could do the following:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">kill -9 4747</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>That will almost certainly cause process 4747 to die. You can do the same thing with +<tt class="COMMAND">killall</tt>. What this is doing is sending a different signal to the +process. A regular <tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt> sends a <var +class="LITERAL">SIGTERM</var> (terminate) signal to the process, which tells it to finish +what it's doing, clean up, and exit. <tt class="COMMAND">kill -9</tt> sends a <var +class="LITERAL">SIGKILL</var> (kill) signal to the process, which essentially drops it. +The process is not allowed to clean-up, and sometimes bad things like data corruption +could occur by killing something with a <var class="LITERAL">SIGKILL</var>. There's a +whole list of signals at your disposal. You can get a listing of signals by typing the +following:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">kill -l</kbd> + 1) SIGHUP 2) SIGINT 3) SIGQUIT 4) SIGILL + 5) SIGTRAP 6) SIGABRT 7) SIGBUS 8) SIGFPE + 9) SIGKILL 10) SIGUSR1 11) SIGSEGV 12) SIGUSR2 + 13) SIGPIPE 14) SIGALRM 15) SIGTERM 17) SIGCHLD + 18) SIGCONT 19) SIGSTOP 20) SIGTSTP 21) SIGTTIN + 22) SIGTTOU 23) SIGURG 24) SIGXCPU 25) SIGXFSZ + 26) SIGVTALRM 27) SIGPROF 28) SIGWINCH 29) SIGIO + 30) SIGPWR +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The number must be used for <tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt>, while the name minus the +leading “SIG” can be used with <tt class="COMMAND">killall</tt>. Here's +another example:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">killall -KILL vim</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>A final use of <tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt> is to restart a process. Sending a <var +class="LITERAL">SIGHUP</var> will cause most processes to re-read their configuration +files. This is especially helpful for telling system processes to re-read their config +files after editing.</p> +</div> + +<div class="NAVFOOTER"> +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="process-control-ps.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" +accesskey="H">Home</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="process-control-top.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><tt class="COMMAND">ps</tt></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="process-control.html" +accesskey="U">Up</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><tt class="COMMAND">top</tt></td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</body> +</html> + |