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| author |   Patrick J Volkerding <volkerdi@slackware.com> | 2009-08-26 10:00:38 -0500 |
|---|---|---|
| committer |   Eric Hameleers <alien@slackware.com> | 2018-05-31 22:41:17 +0200 |
| commit | 5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05 (patch) | |
| tree | 55718d5acb710fde798d9f38d0bbaf594ed4b296 /slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html | |
| download | current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.gz current-5a12e7c134274dba706667107d10d231517d3e05.tar.xz | |
Slackware 13.0slackware-13.0
Wed Aug 26 10:00:38 CDT 2009
Slackware 13.0 x86_64 is released as stable! Thanks to everyone who
helped make this release possible -- see the RELEASE_NOTES for the
credits. The ISOs are off to the replicator. This time it will be a
6 CD-ROM 32-bit set and a dual-sided 32-bit/64-bit x86/x86_64 DVD.
We're taking pre-orders now at store.slackware.com. Please consider
picking up a copy to help support the project. Once again, thanks to
the entire Slackware community for all the help testing and fixing
things and offering suggestions during this development cycle.
As always, have fun and enjoy! -P.
Diffstat (limited to 'slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html | 218 |
1 files changed, 218 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html b/slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3d3821e5e --- /dev/null +++ b/slackbook/html/installation-partitioning.html @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> +<title>Partitioning</title> +<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> +<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> +<link rel="UP" title="Installation" href="installation.html" /> +<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="System Requirements" href="installation-requirements.html" /> +<link rel="NEXT" title="The setup Program" href="installation-setup.html" /> +<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +</head> +<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" +alink="#0000FF"> +<div class="NAVHEADER"> +<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="installation-requirements.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 3 Installation</td> +<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="installation-setup.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +</div> + +<div class="SECT1"> +<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="INSTALLATION-PARTITIONING" name="INSTALLATION-PARTITIONING">3.3 +Partitioning</a></h1> + +<p>After booting from your preferred media, you will need to partition your hard disk. +The disk partition is where the Linux filesystem will be created and is where Slackware +will be installed. At the very minimum we recommend creating two partitions; one for your +root filesystem (<tt class="FILENAME">/</tt>) and one for swap space.</p> + +<p>After the root disk finishes loading, it will present you with a login prompt. Log in +as root (there is no password). At the shell prompt, run either <tt +class="COMMAND">cfdisk</tt>(8) or <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt>(8). The <tt +class="COMMAND">cfdisk</tt> program provides a more user-friendly interface than the +regular <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> program, but does lack some features. We will +briefly explain the <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> program below.</p> + +<p>Begin by running <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> for your hard disk. In Linux, the hard +disks do not have drive letters, but are represented by a file. The first IDE hard disk +(primary master) is <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/hda</tt>, the primary slave is <tt +class="FILENAME">/dev/hdb</tt>, and so on. SCSI disks follow the same type system, but +are in the form of <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/sd<var class="REPLACEABLE">X</var></tt>. You +will need to start <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> and pass it your hard disk:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">fdisk /dev/hda</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Like all good Unix programs, <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> gives you a prompt +(thought you were getting a menu, right?). The first thing you should do is examine your +current partitions. We do that by typing <kbd class="USERINPUT">p</kbd> at the <tt +class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> prompt:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +Command (m for help): <kbd class="USERINPUT">p</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>This will display all sorts of information about your current partitions. Most people +pick a free drive to install to and then remove any existing partitions on it to create +room for the Linux partitions.</p> + +<div class="WARNING"> +<table class="WARNING" width="100%" border="0"> +<tr> +<td width="25" align="CENTER" valign="TOP"><img src="./imagelib/admon/warning.png" +hspace="5" alt="Warning" /></td> +<td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> +<p>IT IS VERY IMPORTANT THAT YOU BACK UP ANY INFORMATION YOU WANT TO SAVE BEFORE +DESTROYING THE PARTITION IT LIVES ON.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p>There is no easy way to recover from deleting a partition, so always back up before +playing with them.</p> + +<p>Looking at the table of partition information you should see a partition number, the +size of the partition, and its type. There's more information, but don't worry about that +for now. We are going to delete all of the partitions on this drive to create the Linux +ones. We run the <kbd class="USERINPUT">d</kbd> command to delete those:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +Command (m for help): <kbd class="USERINPUT">d</kbd> +Partition number (1-4): <kbd class="USERINPUT">1</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>This process should be continued for each of the partitions. After deleting the +partitions we are ready to create the Linux ones. We have decided to create one partition +for our root filesystem and one for swap. It is worth noting that Unix partitioning +schemes are the subject of many flame wars, and that most users will tell you the best +way to do it. At a minimum, you should create one partition for <tt +class="FILENAME">/</tt> and one for swap. Over time, you'll develop a method that works +well for you.</p> + +<p>I use two basic partition schemes. The first is for a desktop. I make 4 partitions, +<tt class="FILENAME">/</tt>, <tt class="FILENAME">/home</tt>, <tt +class="FILENAME">/usr/local</tt>, and swap. This lets me re-install or upgrade the entire +installation under <tt class="FILENAME">/</tt> without wiping out my data files under +/home or my custom compiled applications under <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/local</tt>. For +servers, I often replace the <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/local</tt> partition with a <tt +class="FILENAME">/var</tt> partition. Many different servers store information on that +partition and having it kept separate from <tt class="FILENAME">/</tt> has certain +performance benefits. For now, we're sticking with just two partitions: <tt +class="FILENAME">/</tt> and swap.</p> + +<p>Now we create the partitions with the <kbd class="USERINPUT">n</kbd> command:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +Command (m for help): <kbd class="USERINPUT">n</kbd> +Command action + e extended + p primary partition (1-4) +<kbd class="USERINPUT">p</kbd> +Partition number (1-4):<kbd class="USERINPUT">1</kbd> +First cylinder (0-1060, default 0):<kbd class="USERINPUT">0</kbd> + Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (0-1060, default 1060):<kbd +class="USERINPUT">+64M</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>You need to make sure you create primary partitions. The first partition is going to +be our swap partition. We tell fdisk to make partition number 1 a primary partition. We +start it at cylinder 0 and for the ending cylinder we type +64M. This will give us a 64 +megabyte partition for swap. (The size of the swap partition you need actually depends on +the amount of RAM you have. It is conventional wisdom that a swap space double the size +of your RAM should be created.) Then we define primary partition number 2 starting at the +first available cylinder and going all the way to the end of the drive.</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +Command (m for help):<kbd class="USERINPUT">n</kbd> +Command action + e extended + p primary partition (1-4) +<kbd class="USERINPUT">p</kbd> +Partition number (1-4):<kbd class="USERINPUT">2</kbd> +First cylinder (124-1060, default 124):<kbd class="USERINPUT">124</kbd> +Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-1060, default 1060):<kbd +class="USERINPUT">1060</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>We are almost done. We need to change the type of the first partition to type 82 +(Linux swap). Type <kbd class="USERINPUT">t</kbd> to change the type, select the first +partition, and type <var class="LITERAL">82</var>. Before writing your changes to the +disk, you should look at the new partition table one last time. Use the <kbd +class="USERINPUT">p</kbd> in <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt> to display the partition +table. If everything looks good, type <kbd class="USERINPUT">w</kbd> to write your +changes to the disk and quit <tt class="COMMAND">fdisk</tt>.</p> +</div> + +<div class="NAVFOOTER"> +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="installation-requirements.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" +accesskey="H">Home</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="installation-setup.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">System Requirements</td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="installation.html" +accesskey="U">Up</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">The <tt class="COMMAND">setup</tt> +Program</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</body> +</html> + |