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<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 6 X Configuration</td>
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<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="X-WINDOW-SYSTEM-XINITRC" name="X-WINDOW-SYSTEM-XINITRC">6.3
xinitrc</a></h1>
<p><tt class="COMMAND">xinit</tt>(1) is the program that actually starts X; it is called
by <tt class="COMMAND">startx</tt>(1), so you may not have noticed it (and probably don't
really need to). Its configuration file, however, determines which programs (including
and especially the window manager) are run when X starts up. <tt
class="COMMAND">xinit</tt> first checks your home directory for a <tt
class="FILENAME">.xinitrc</tt> file. If the file is found, it gets run; otherwise, <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/X11R6/lib/xinit/xinitrc</tt> (the systemwide default) is used.
Here's a simple <tt class="FILENAME">xinitrc</tt> file:</p>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
#!/bin/sh
# $XConsortium: xinitrc.cpp,v 1.4 91/08/22 11:41:34 rws Exp $
userresources=$HOME/.Xresources
usermodmap=$HOME/.Xmodmap
sysresources=/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/.Xresources
sysmodmap=/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/.Xmodmap
# merge in defaults and keymaps
if [ -f $sysresources ]; then
xrdb -merge $sysresources
fi
if [ -f $sysmodmap ]; then
xmodmap $sysmodmap
fi
if [ -f $userresources ]; then
xrdb -merge $userresources
fi
if [ -f $usermodmap ]; then
xmodmap $usermodmap
fi
# start some nice programs
twm &
xclock -geometry 50x50-1+1 &
xterm -geometry 80x50+494+51 &
xterm -geometry 80x20+494-0 &
exec xterm -geometry 80x66+0+0 -name login
</pre>
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<p>All of those “if” blocks are there to merge in various configuration
settings from other files. The interesting part of the file is toward the end, where
various programs are run. This X session will begin with the <tt
class="COMMAND">twm</tt>(1) window manager, a clock, and three terminals. Note the <tt
class="COMMAND">exec</tt> before the last <tt class="COMMAND">xterm</tt>. What that does
is replace the currently running shell (the one that's executing this <tt
class="FILENAME">xinitrc</tt> script) with that <tt class="COMMAND">xterm</tt>(1)
command. When the user quits that <tt class="COMMAND">xterm</tt>, the X session will
end.</p>
<p>To customize your X startup, copy the default <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/X11R6/lib/xinit/xinitrc</tt> to <tt
class="FILENAME">~/.xinitrc</tt> and edit it, replacing those program lines with whatever
you like. The end of mine is simply:</p>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
# Start the window manager:
exec startkde
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<p>Note that there are several <tt class="FILENAME">xinitrc.*</tt> files in <tt
class="FILENAME">/var/X11R6/lib/xinit</tt> that correspond to various window managers and
GUIs. You can use any of those, if you like.</p>
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