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<div class="CHAPTER">
<h1><a id="BASIC-NETWORK-COMMANDS" name="BASIC-NETWORK-COMMANDS"></a>Chapter 13 Basic
Network Commands</h1>
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<dl>
<dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt>
<dt>13.1 <a href="basic-network-commands.html#BASIC-NETWORK-COMMANDS-PING"><tt
class="COMMAND">ping</tt></a></dt>
<dt>13.2 <a href="basic-network-commands-traceroute.html"><tt
class="COMMAND">traceroute</tt></a></dt>
<dt>13.3 <a href="basic-network-commands-dns.html">DNS Tools</a></dt>
<dt>13.4 <a href="basic-network-commands-finger.html"><tt
class="COMMAND">finger</tt></a></dt>
<dt>13.5 <a href="basic-network-commands-telnet.html"><tt
class="COMMAND">telnet</tt></a></dt>
<dt>13.6 <a href="basic-network-commands-ssh.html">The Secure shell</a></dt>
<dt>13.7 <a href="basic-network-commands-email.html">email</a></dt>
<dt>13.8 <a href="basic-network-commands-web.html">Browsers</a></dt>
<dt>13.9 <a href="basic-network-commands-ftp.html">FTP Clients</a></dt>
<dt>13.10 <a href="basic-network-commands-talk.html">Talking to Other People</a></dt>
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<p>A network consists of several computers connected together. The network can be as
simple as a few computers connected in your home or office, or as complicated as a large
university network or even the entire Internet. When your computer is part of a network,
you have access to those systems either directly or through services like mail and the
web.</p>
<p>There are a variety of networking programs that you can use. Some are handy for
performing diagnostics to see if everything is working properly. Others (like mail
readers and web browsers) are useful for getting your work done and staying in contact
with other people.</p>
<div class="SECT1">
<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="BASIC-NETWORK-COMMANDS-PING"
name="BASIC-NETWORK-COMMANDS-PING">13.1 <tt class="COMMAND">ping</tt></a></h1>
<p><tt class="COMMAND">ping</tt>(8) sends an ICMP <var class="LITERAL">ECHO_REQUEST</var>
packet to the specified host. If the host responds, you get an ICMP packet back. Sound
strange? Well, you can “ping” an IP address to see if a machine is alive. If
there is no response, you know something is wrong. Here is an example conversation
between two Linux users:</p>
<a id="AEN4428" name="AEN4428"></a>
<blockquote class="BLOCKQUOTE">
<p class="LITERALLAYOUT"><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">User
A</i></span>: Loki's down again.<br />
<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">User
B</i></span>: Are you sure?<br />
<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">User
A</i></span>: Yeah, I tried pinging it, but there's no response.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>It's instances like these that make <tt class="COMMAND">ping</tt> a very useful
day-to-day command. It provides a very quick way to see if a machine is up and connected
to the network. The basic syntax is:</p>
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<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">ping www.slackware.com</kbd>
</pre>
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<p>There are, of course, several options that can be specified. Check the <tt
class="COMMAND">ping</tt>(1) man page for more information.</p>
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